Evaluation of the effect of hyaluronic acid and chitosan biocomposite natural polymers in alveolar ridge preservation: an experimental study in dogs

Abstract

Alveolar ridge preservation procedures became a famous procedures after tooth extraction. Different approaches and materials had been studied. Faster and new bone formation is the concept. Objective: To evaluate the early stages of alveolar bone healing of tooth extraction sockets filled with bioactive composite (chitosan-bioactive glass) CH-MB scaffold soaked in hyaluronic acid (HAL) in a canine model. Materials and Methods: Six mongrel dogs were involved in this study; they were divided into two groups according to sacrifice time (three and six weeks). Each of these groups includes three animals. Animals were subjected to extraction of the third premolar bilaterally. The right extraction socket received bioactive composite (chitosan-bioactive glass) CH-MB scaffold soaked in 0.2 % hyaluronic acid, while the left side had received chitosan-bioactive glass scaffold CH-MB only. The healing extraction sockets were evaluated by (Fourier Transfer Infra-Red spectroscopy) FTIR; where three variables were studied: Matrix quality, degree of crystallinity and degree of calcifications.Results: Hyaluronic acid (HLA) treated groups showed significant results at 6 weeks over all other groups as regard collagen content and crystal maturity. While, degree of calcification showed non-significant results. Moreover, HLA groups showed significant increase from 3 weeks to 6 weeks over non treated groups.Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid was effective in extraction socket healing as regard collagen content at 3 and 6 weeks and crystal maturity especially at 6 weeks. While degree of calcification was negatively affected. It was postulated that HLA sustained its release on the biocomposite scaffold for 6 weeks postoperatively.