Evaluation of the dynamics of reconstruction of the act of swallowing in the postoperative period in patients with oncopathology of the oral cavity

Abstract

Annotation. The article presents the results of the analysis of the data of ultrasound examination of the act of swallowing in patients with oncopathology of the oral cavity in the B- and M-mode in the pre- and postoperative period. The study included 26 patients aged 38-65 years, normotrophic patients who were treated in the Department of Head and Neck Tumors “Podolsk Regional Oncology Center” with malignant tumors of the tongue (group 1 – 12 patients with cancer of the lateral surface of the tongue, group 2 – 8 patients with cancer of the root of the tongue,) and the bottom of the mouth and oropharynx (3rd group – 6 patients). Scanning was performed in the sagittal and frontal planes with a 7.5 MHz sensor in two modes B and M at rest and during the act of swallowing in several stages on a TOSHIBA device (Model USDI-A500A/EL; Serial № ELA14Z2082). Data on several indicators were analyzed: chin-sublingual distance; longitudinal examination of the sublingual muscle group; transverse examination of the supralingual muscle group; examination in the lateral projection of the anterior abdomen of the biceps; determination of the amplitude of muscle contraction on the right and left, which makes it possible to compare their synchronicity and force of contraction. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed using Excel software from Microsoft Office 2003, STATISTICA 5.5 (owned by CNIT National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, licensed № AXXR910A374605FA) according to the Student's test at p<0,05. The results of the study indicate that in patients with cancer of the lateral surface of the tongue on the 10th day resumed the act of swallowing. And in patients with cancer of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and the root of the tongue for 12-14 days. The use of ultrasound examination of the act of swallowing in the dynamics is informative and provides objective indicators for the transfer of the patient from tube feeding to self.