Abstract
Horizontal curves, as one of the most accident-prone parts of the road, have always attracted special attention. When a vehicle is moving on a road, the driver has to be constantly on the lookout for small deviations from the main route, possibly due to disturbances such as wind, road roughness, and unwanted entrances by the driver. These types of deviations have a corrosive effect on the driver and will eventually lead to the overturning and slipping of vehicles, so they should be minimized. AASHTO standard procedures, as the most valid road design bylaw, do not consider the effect of lateral wind, in which the effect of lateral wind in arcs has been investigated in this research. The work conducted in this research is to increase knowledge about the directional stability of vehicles that are affected by strong winds and to investigate the parameters of the study using accurate models of dynamic simulation of vehicles that are subject to winds. This study aimed to increase the understanding of vehicle sensitivity to wind due to strong lateral winds. For this purpose, the process of passing different types of vehicles through horizontal arcs in different longitudinal slopes with different velocities of the vehicle under lateral wind is simulated and the mechanical properties of vehicles under such conditions are calculated to compare with the results obtained from the passage of vehicles through a smooth horizontal arc (without longitudinal slope) and without lateral wind. Overturning angle, slip angle, lateral acceleration, and lateral coefficient of friction of vehicles in this study were calculated through software outputs, and the effect of lateral wind on the safety of arcs has been investigated.
Highlights
Strong winds and storms are some of the natural disasters that cause a lot of damage in the world every year, including in Iran
For every 10 km/h increase in lateral wind, the deviation rate for each vehicle, SUV, bus, and two-axle truck increases by 1.5, 2.5, and 5%, respectively. en, if the longitudinal slope and lateral wind intensity are constant, the deviation rate will decrease as the vehicle speed increases
One of the highlights of this chapter is the effects of lateral winds on vehicle aerodynamics
Summary
Strong winds and storms are some of the natural disasters that cause a lot of damage in the world every year, including in Iran. Wu [16] studied the safety of highways affected by Typhoon climate and developed a car slip model He calculated the speed of the car’s safety stimulus under different degrees of Typhoon climate but did not produce a quantitative wind response on paper [16]. Rodriguez and his colleagues (2014) used a stimulus simulator to measure the effect of opposite wind on driver behavior and vehicle lateral displacement and used a calculation model based on cross-cultural strength, driver behavior, and vehicle lateral displacement [17]. Zhou et al [18] and Ueckermann et al [19] studied the effect of opposite winds on design indices of alignment with wind tunnel testing but did not consider the effect of aerodynamic torque generated by wind and the unequal coefficient on the lateral stability of torques [18, 19]
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