Evaluation of the bonding properties between low-value plastic fibers treated with microbially-induced calcium carbonate precipitation and cement mortar

Abstract

Plastic fiber reinforced cementitious materials offer the potential to increase the reusability of plastic waste and create lower-CO2 cementitious composites. However, the bonding properties of many plastic types with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) are largely unknown. This work employs single fiber pullout (SFPO) tests to quantify the interfacial bonding properties of polyvinyl chloride, low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene embedded in OPC mortar. The interfacial bonding properties were compared for fibers either treated with microbially-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) or left untreated. SFPO tests revealed that plastic type had a large influence over bonding properties. Specifically, the fiber surface energy, as estimated from water contact angle measurements, was found to be the driving factor of bond strength. ABS had the highest surface energy and demonstrated the strongest bonding out of all plastic types studied. However, MICP treatment of fibers did not increase the interfacial bond strength for any of the plastics studied. The thick and inconsistent coverage of biomineral over the fiber surface from MICP is likely attributed to preventing an increase in bond strength. These results contribute to the design and application of plastic-reinforced mortars by comparing bonding properties for a range of typically low-value, unrecycled plastic types.