Abstract
Introduction: Neonatal jaundice is a common, in most cases a benign problem in neonates. About 60% of term and 80% of preterm babies develop jaundice during the first week of life. About 5-10% of all newborns need phototherapy for this commonest morbidity in neonatal life. The commonly used light sources are special blue fluorescent tubes, compact fluorescent tubes and halogen spotlights. In recent years a new type of light source light emitting diodes (LED) has been incorporated into phototherapy. Methodology: Hospital based prospective and observational study.The study was done over a period of two years in SNCU, NICU and Newborn ward, department of paediatrics, S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack from September2014 to August 2016. Investigation were done in the department of pathology, biochemistry and central laboratory. Results: The duration of phototherapy was shorter in patients who received LED phototherapy than those treated with conventional phototherapy. The children receiving LED phototherapy has less weightloss compared to conventional photo therapy. There is 12% extra loss of weight during phototherapy in children with conventional phototherapy. Rebound hyperbilirubenimia was more in children treated with LED phototherapy.About 12% babies developed rebound hyperbilirubenimia in those treated with LED Phototherapy as compared to 8 % of conventional phototherapy. Side effects are more in conventional phototherapy. Conclusion: LED is safe rescue treatment for severe neonatal hyperbilirubenimia and its implementation reduce the failure of phototherapy and need for exchange transfusion.
Highlights
Neonatal jaundice is a common, in most cases a benign problem in neonates
The present study is to evaluate efficacy of light emitting diodes (LED) phototherapy in comparison with conventional phototherapy in the management of neonatal hyperbillirubinemia and to compare its side effects and ability to prevent exchange transfusion, to compare the comfort level of staff during photo therapy
In our study which is Likert scale study, out of 200 newborn babies treated with phototherapy about 80% show more comfort with LED phototherapy while only 20% opts for conventional phototherapy
Summary
Neonatal jaundice is a common, in most cases a benign problem in neonates. About 60% of term and 80% of preterm babies develop jaundice during the first week of life. About 12% babies developed rebound hyperbilirubenimia in those treated with LED Phototherapy as compared to 8% of conventional phototherapy. The peak level occurs on the 3to 7 days of age and TSB can rise over 15mg/dl.Pathological jaundice is said to be present when TSB concentrations are not in physiological jaundice range, which is Manuscript received: 18th April 2017 Reviewed: 28th April 2017 Author Corrected: 7th May 2017 Accepted for Publication: 14th May 2017 defined arbitrarily and loosely as more than 5mg/dl on first day, 10mg/dl on second day and 12-13 mg/dl thereafter in term neonates. About 60% of term and 80% of preterm babies develop jaundice during the first week of life [1,2]. Premature babies have much higher incidence of neonatal jaundice requiring therapeutic intervention more commonly than the term newborns [4]. The outcome for the majority is benign, infaints with untreated, severe hyper bilirubenimia (defined as serum bilirubin level>20mg/dl) can develop signs of Acute billirubin
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