Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antiradical Properties of Some Phyto and Mammalian Lignans

Leyla Polat Kose,İlhami Gulcin

doi:10.3390/molecules26237099

Abstract

In this study, the antioxidant and antiradical properties of some phyto lignans (nordihydroguaiaretic acid, secoisolariciresinol, secoisolariciresinol diglycoside, and α-(-)-conidendrin) and mammalian lignans (enterodiol and enterolactone) were examined by different antioxidant assays. For this purpose, radical scavenging activities of phyto and mammalian lignans were realized by 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical (ABTS•+) scavenging assay and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging assay. Additionally, the reducing ability of phyto and mammalian lignans were evaluated by cupric ions (Cu2+) reducing (CUPRAC) ability, and ferric ions (Fe3+) and [Fe3+-(TPTZ)2]3+ complex reducing (FRAP) abilities. Also, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were determined and reported for DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging influences of all of the lignan molecules. The absorbances of the lignans were found in the range of 0.150–2.320 for Fe3+ reducing, in the range of 0.040–2.090 for Cu2+ reducing, and in the range of 0.360–1.810 for the FRAP assay. On the other hand, the IC50 values of phyto and mammalian lignans were determined in the ranges of 6.601–932.167 µg/mL for DPPH• scavenging and 13.007–27.829 µg/mL for ABTS•+ scavenging. In all of the used bioanalytical methods, phyto lignans, as secondary metabolites in plants, demonstrated considerably higher antioxidant activity compared to that of mammalian lignans. In addition, it was observed that enterodiol and enterolactone exhibited relatively weaker antioxidant activities when compared to phyto lignans or standard antioxidants, including butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), Trolox, and α-tocopherol.

Highlights

Phytolignans are found in high amounts in flaxseed, cereal, whole wheat, and vegetables; in some fruits such as cherries, strawberries; and tea
Lignans are a main class of secondary metabolites that occur in two phenylpropanoid molecules by undergoing oxidative dimerization in plants [2]
At the same concentration (10 μg/mL), the reducing abilities of phyto lignans, mammalian lignans, and standards were found in the following order: nordihydroguaiaretic acid (λ700 : 2.320; r2 : 0.7704) > butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)

Summary

Introduction

Phytolignans are found in high amounts in flaxseed, cereal, whole wheat, and vegetables; in some fruits such as cherries, strawberries; and tea. Lignans are a main class of secondary metabolites that occur in two phenylpropanoid molecules by undergoing oxidative dimerization in plants [2]. Lignans are mostly found in free form in nature, a few of them are found in the form of glycoside derivatives They are found in different parts of plants such as leaves, roots, seeds, stems, and fruits. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, and insecticidal properties of some lignans, these molecules have a strong effect on some biological pathogens. These phenolic compounds can contribute to both the Molecules 2021, 26, 7099.

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