Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity of the Licania Rigida Leaf Ethanolic Extract against Biofilms Formed by Candida Sp. Isolates in Acrylic Resin Discs.

Maria Audilene De Freitas,Adryelle Idalina Silva Alves,Melyna Chaves Leite-Andrade,Irwin Rose Alencar De Menezes,Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho,Jacqueline Cosmo Andrade,Maria Daniela Silva Buonafina,Tatiana Felix De Oliveira,Rejane Pereira Neves,Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga,Antonia Thassya Lucas Dos Santos,Franz De Assis G Dos Santos

doi:10.3390/antibiotics8040250

Maria Audilene De Freitas, Adryelle Idalina Silva Alves + Show 10 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040250

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Abstract

Candida sp. treatment has become a challenge due to the formation of biofilms which favor resistance to conventional antifungals, making the search for new compounds necessary. The objective of this study was to identify the composition of the Licania rigida Benth. leaf ethanolic extract and to verify its antifungal activity against Candida sp. and its biofilms. The composition identification was performed using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) technique. The antifungal activity of extract and fluconazole against planktonic cells and biofilms was verified through the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) following biofilm induction and quantification in acrylic resin discs by reducing tetrazolic salt, with all isolates forming biofilms within 48 h. Six constituents were identified in the extract, and the compounds identified are derivatives from phenolic compounds such as flavonoids (epi) gallocatechin Dimer, epigallocatechin and gallocatechin, Myricetin-O-hexoside, Myricitrin, and Quercetin-O-rhamnoside. The extract reduced biofilm formation in some of the strains analyzed, namely C. tropicalis URM5732, C. krusei INCQS40042, and C. krusei URM6352. This reduction was also observed in the treatment with fluconazole with some of the analyzed strains. The extract showed significant antifungal and anti-biofilm activities with some of the strains tested.

Highlights

Yeasts from the Candida spp. genus are part of the normal skin, mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract microbiota
The evaluation of the EEFLr antifungal activity against the used strains was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (2048 μg/mL), which showed significant results against C. krusei URM5712, C. albicans ATCC90028, C. krusei URM4263, C. krusei URM6352, and C. krusei URM5840 species obtaining MIC values of
The constituents present in EEFLr such as gallocatechin Dimer, epigalocatechin and Gallocatechi, Myricetin-O-hexoside, Myricitrin, Quercetin-O-rhamnoside were found by other techniques in previous studies whereas the epicatechin and quercetin compounds were found by HPLC-DAD analysis of the Licania rigida ethanolic extract in a study by Parra [16]

Summary

Introduction

Yeasts from the Candida spp. genus are part of the normal skin, mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract microbiota. Other species can be infectious, but are found less frequently [2] The treatment of these infections has become a challenge due to the eukaryotic nature of fungal cells, which are similar to their host cells, and the occurrence of factors conferring resistance to conventional antifungals. This is especially challenging in immunocompromised individuals [4,5]

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