Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Potentials of Musa acuminata Leaves Crude Extract in Alloxan-Induced Wistar Rats

Abstract

Context: Musa acuminata is a plant of the tropical and subtropical regions. Over the past few decades, the health benefits of Musa acuminata have received much attention. All parts of the plant, including fruits, peel, pseudo stem, corm, flowers, leaves, sap, and roots, have found their use in treating many diseases in traditional medicine.
 Aim: This study was conducted to appraise the protective effect of Musa acuminata extract on alloxan-induced Diabetics Mellitus in wistar rats.
 Settings and Design: This investigation was carried out using 24 Wistar rats, both males and females. The experimental models were divided into six groups; 4 rats per group.
 Materials and Methods: The experimental models were divided into six groups; 4 rats per group. Alloxan was intraperitonially injected at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight for day 1 across all groups except the positive control which is Group A together with oral administration of the aqueous extract of Musa acuminata (100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg body weight for the treatment group) and Group F was administered a standard drug. The animals were sacrificed on the 11th day under deep anesthesia with chloroform. The blood was collected by cardiac puncture and kidneys were collected for the histological profile.
 Statistical Analysis: Kidney oxidative stress marker Malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzyme activities Creatinine and Urea, were determined.
 Results: The alloxan injection indicated an increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA), with a decrease in Urea and Creatinine when compared with the control. A remarkable decrease in antioxidant enzymes was also observed. Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance, alloxan-induced diabetic mellitus, and histological changes in the kidneys were reduced almost to normal by the administration of Musa acuminata.
 Conclusion: Based on the current findings, Musa acuminata leaves at low dose (100 mg/kg body weight) in the alloxan Induced Wistar rat has some anti diabetics potential than at 200 mg/kg body weight, 300 mg/kg body weight and standard drug (Metformin).