Abstract
BackgroundThe anaphylactoid reactions induced by andrographis injection have repeatedly been reported. The aim of our study was to evaluate the immuno-sensitizing potential of extracts from Andrographis paniculata Nees and to screen for the constituent that is responsible for inducing the anaphylactoid reaction.MethodsIn the direct popliteal lymph node assay (D-PLNA), female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into several groups with ten mice per group according to the experiment design, the right hind footpads of mice received a single subcutaneous injection of Andrographis paniculata (50 μl), and the left hind footpads received the same volume of vehicle. Seven days later, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the popliteal lymph nodes from both the left and right sides were removed. The weight (WI) and cellularity indices (CI) of the popliteal lymph nodes (PLNs) were then calculated, and the pathological changes of the PLNs were measured. In addition, P815 mast cells were collected for the in vitro cell degranulation experiment. The level of histamine, the percentage of cell degranulation and the ratio of ammonia glycosidase released were measured to further evaluate the potential allergenicity.ResultsAlcohol extract (AEE), ethyl acetate extract (EAE) and n-butanol extract (NBE) significantly increased the weight (WI > 2) and cell number (CI > 5) of PLNs (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Additionally, all the three monomers of andrographis, namely NAD, AND, and DDA, significantly increased the weight (WI > 2) and cell number (CI > 5) of the PLNs (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In the cell model, all of the different extract fractions (AEE, EAE and NBE) and the three monomers of andrographis markedly elevated the level of histamine, the percentage of cell degranulation and the ratio of ammonia glycosidase released.ConclusionThe diterpene lactone compounds of Andrographis paniculata Nees (total lactones of andrographolide) may have a potential sensitizing capacity in andrographis injection.
Highlights
The anaphylactoid reactions induced by andrographis injection have repeatedly been reported
Analysis of the effects of andrographis (CXL) injection through the popliteal lymph node assay in mice As shown in Figure 5(a), 3% Tween 80 and 20% DMSO caused a slight increase in the popliteal lymph node weight compared with the normal saline group, but the WI was lower than 2, suggesting that 3% Tween 80 and 20% DMSO have no potential allergenicity
Effects of extracts and extract fractions on PLNA in BALB/c mice As shown in Figure 6, Alcohol extract (AEE), ethyl acetate extract (EAE), and n-butanol extract (NBE) induced an increase in the Popliteal lymph node (PLN) weight and cellularity and caused a positive response with WI > 2 and cellularity indices (CI) > 5, indicating that the extracts and extract fractions of andrographis with the exception of aqueous extract (AE) have potential sensitivity
Summary
The anaphylactoid reactions induced by andrographis injection have repeatedly been reported. The aim of our study was to evaluate the immuno-sensitizing potential of extracts from Andrographis paniculata Nees and to screen for the constituent that is responsible for inducing the anaphylactoid reaction. Andrographis injection offers beneficial effects in the treatment of respiratory tract infections, acute bacillary dysentery, gastroenteritis, fever and other diseases [4]. Anaphylactoid reactions as a result of andrographis injection have recently been repeatedly reported, and these reactions occur when the patient first comes in contact with the andrographis injection [5]. The available methods for evaluating the anaphylactic reaction induced by traditional Chinese medicine injection (TCMI) are mainly used to detect the sensitization of the protein antigen, which appears as a false-negative result regarding a low-molecular-weight compound (LMWC) [6]. There are still no reliable models for LMWC to examine anaphylactoid reactions
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
