Abstract
Structured light plethysmography (SLP) is a noncontact, noninvasive, respiratory measurement technique, which uses a structured pattern of light and two cameras to track displacement of the thoraco–abdominal wall during tidal breathing. The primary objective of this study was to examine agreement between tidal breathing parameters measured simultaneously for 45 sec using pneumotachography and SLP in a group of 20 participants with a range of respiratory patterns (“primary cohort”). To examine repeatability of the agreement, an additional 21 healthy subjects (“repeatability cohort”) were measured twice during resting breathing and once during increased respiratory rate (RR). Breath‐by‐breath and averaged RR, inspiratory time (tI), expiratory time (tE), total breath time (tTot), tI/tE, tI/tTot, and IE50 (inspiratory to expiratory flow measured at 50% of tidal volume) were calculated. Bland–Altman plots were used to assess the agreement. In the primary cohort, breath‐by‐breath agreement for RR was ±1.44 breaths per minute (brpm). tI, tE, and tTot agreed to ±0.22, ±0.29, and ±0.32 sec, respectively, and tI/tE, tI/tTot, and IE50/IE50SLP to ±0.16, ±0.05, and ±0.55, respectively. When averaged, agreement for RR was ±0.19 brpm. tI, tE, and tTot were within ±0.16, ±0.16, and ±0.07 sec, respectively, and tI/tE, tI/tTot, and IE50 were within ±0.09, ±0.03, and ±0.25, respectively. A comparison of resting breathing demonstrated that breath‐by‐breath and averaged agreements for all seven parameters were repeatable (P > 0.05). With increased RR, agreement improved for tI, tE, and tTot (P ≤ 0.01), did not differ for tI/tE, tI/tTot, and IE50 (P > 0.05) and reduced for breath‐by‐breath (P < 0.05) but not averaged RR (P > 0.05).
Highlights
The importance of measuring tidal breathing became apparent over 60 years ago when clinical differences between healthy subjects and those with respiratory disease were shown to be reflected by changes in tidal breathing patterns (Cain and Otis 1949)
A change in respiratory rate (RR) or other breathing patterns can be indicative of a particular disease state and, as such, assessment of these features may result in a diagnosis (Braun 1990)
Pneumotachography is a well-established technique for measuring respiratory function that has been extensively used clinically and is considered by many as the gold standard for measurement of flow- and volume-related indices extracted from tidal breathing (Stick 1996)
Summary
The importance of measuring tidal breathing became apparent over 60 years ago when clinical differences between healthy subjects and those with respiratory disease were shown to be reflected by changes in tidal breathing patterns (Cain and Otis 1949). A change in respiratory rate (RR) or other breathing patterns can be indicative of a particular disease state and, as such, assessment of these features may result in a diagnosis (Braun 1990). Many features or parameters have been extracted from tidal breathing traces. In their simplest form, tidal breathing timing indices such as RR, inspiratory time (tI), expiratory time (tE), total breath time (tTot), and their ratios tI/tE and tI/tTot (duty cycle), provide an estimate of breathing frequency and asymmetry of tidal breaths. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society
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