Evaluation of the Activities of Antimicrobial Agents on Multi-drug Resistant Gram Positive Bacteria Isolated from Intensive Care Units

Murat Karamese

doi:10.15226/sojmid.2013.00113

Abstract

Multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria are responsible for nosocomial infections. It is important to show the minimal inhibitory concentrations and new antibiotic resistance profiles of these bacteria to antimicrobials which are commonly used in treatment. The aim was to evaluate the new and more efficient antibiotics minimal inhibitory concentrations which can be used for treatment of Gram positive multiple drug resistant microorganisms. In this study, 337 Gram positive bacterial strains were isolated from clinical samples of 192 patients who were hospitalized at intensive care units. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of antibiotics were investigated in 72 Gram positive bacterial strain. Broth macrodilution and disc diffusion methods were performed to evaluate the activities of antibiotics against Gram positive bacteria. All the 72 Gram positive bacterial strains including 38 coagulase negative Staphylococci, 18 Staphylococcus aureus and 16 Enterococci strains were sensitive to tigecycline, linezolid and daptomycin. All coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus strains were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. Additionally, 2 Enterococci strains were resistant to vancomycin, while 1 strain was resistant and 1 strain was intermediately sensitive to teicoplanin. Vancomycin, teicoplanin, tigecycline, linezolid and daptomycin might be useful and good alternative for the treatment of multi-drug resistant bacterial infections. Different antibiotic resistance profiles and the MIC’s of antibiotics should be searched for the treatment of intensive care unit patients.

Highlights

Evaluation of the Activities of Some Antimicrobial Agents on Multi-drug Resistant Gram Positive Bacteria Isolated from Intensive Care Units.One of the most important issues encountered in the infectious disease practice are hospital-acquired infections referred to as ‘nosocomial infections’ [1]
Out of 72 Gram positive bacteria, 38 (53%) coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS), 18 (25%) S. aureus and 16 (22%) Enterococcus spp were identified as hospital-acquired agents
About 70% of these pathogens were isolated from intensive care units, while the remaining isolates were obtained from the burn intensive care unit (26%) and organ transplantation unit (4%)

Summary

Introduction

Evaluation of the Activities of Some Antimicrobial Agents on Multi-drug Resistant Gram Positive Bacteria Isolated from Intensive Care Units. One of the most important issues encountered in the infectious disease practice are hospital-acquired infections referred to as ‘nosocomial infections’ [1]. These infections can be described as those occurring within 48 hours of hospital admission, 3 days of following discharge or 30 days after an operation. The highest rates of nosocomial infections are observed in intensive care units (ICUs), which are the units in which the most critically ill patients are treated and the highest mortality rates are detected. Antimicrobial treatment and invasive procedures, applied in ICUs, and the immunocompromised status make patients sensitive against infections [2]

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