Abstract
The amount of photopolymer material consumed during the three-dimensional (3D) printing of a dental model varies with the volume and internal structure of the modeling data. This study analyzed how the internal structure and the presence of a cross-arch plate influence the accuracy of a 3D printed dental model. The model was designed with a U-shaped arch and the palate removed (Group U) or a cross-arch plate attached to the palate area (Group P), and the internal structure was divided into five types. The trueness and precision were analyzed for accuracy comparisons of the 3D printed models. Two-way ANOVA of the trueness revealed that the accuracy was 135.2 ± 26.3 µm (mean ± SD) in Group U and 85.6 ± 13.1 µm in Group P. Regarding the internal structure, the accuracy was 143.1 ± 46.8 µm in the 1.5 mm-thick shell group, which improved to 111.1 ± 31.9 µm and 106.7 ± 26.3 µm in the roughly filled and fully filled models, respectively. The precision was 70.3 ± 19.1 µm in Group U and 65.0 ± 8.8 µm in Group P. The results of this study suggest that a cross-arch plate is necessary for the accurate production of a model using 3D printing regardless of its internal structure. In Group U, the error during the printing process was higher for the hollowed models.
Highlights
Dental models have been produced to reproduce patient dental information outside the oral cavity for treatment processes such as consultation, diagnosis, and prosthesis fabrication [1]
This study confirmed that the presence or absence of a cross-arch plate and differences in the internal structure resulted in significant variations in the characteristics of 3D printed models produced using the digital light processing (DLP) method
The first null hypothesis was rejected. Both 3D printing and post-curing are processes involving the polymerization of a photopolymer resin, and it has been reported that shrinkage during this process affects the dimensional accuracy of produced objects [35,36,37]
Summary
Dental models have been produced to reproduce patient dental information outside the oral cavity for treatment processes such as consultation, diagnosis, and prosthesis fabrication [1]. In the diagnosis process for orthognathic surgery or implant surgery, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data and digital model data can be aligned, and this can be used to establish a surgery or treatment plan on digital software as well [6,7]. Despite these benefits of digital models, physical models are still required in many clinical situations, and so digital data must be manufactured accurately when a physical dental model is needed [3,8]
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