Evaluation of synthesized inorganic nanomaterials Plumeria alba against Aedes aegypti and in vivo toxicity

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were fabricated using Plumeria alba leaf extracts to control the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Synthesized AgNPs and AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Radiation (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. Susceptibility levels of Ae. aegypti mosquito larvae to the plant extract P. alba and its silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles were determined. The AgNPs and AuNPs spectra displayed their maximum absorption at 300 nm and 500 nm, respectively. The larval mortality of AgNPs and AuNPs were highly effective LC50 were 69.9592 ppm and 88.2635 ppm compared to the aqueous leaf extract of P. alba LC50 was 178.4713 ppm. Furthermore, no significant effects of nanoparticle preparations of P. alba extract 10,000 ppm dose up to one week revealed neither toxic signs nor death within seven days of administration. However, there were no apparent signs of delayed toxicity when the rats were observed for an additional seven days. Current studies revealed that the P. alba leaf extract, AgNPs and AuNPs are biologically safe on animals and eco-friendly for control of Aedes aegypti mosquito.