Abstract
Objectives: The impairment of the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles has a negative impact on functions of the stomatognathic system, such as swallowing. Thus, an atypical swallowing pattern may contribute to the development of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate acoustic aspects of swallowing and determine the occurrence of atypical swallowing dynamics. Methods: Sixty-two individuals [16 males (25.8%) and 46 females (74.2%); mean age 39.84 (± 9.40); 47 with TMD and 15 without TMD] were evaluated using an ultrasound detector during the swallowing of three consistencies: liquid, pasty and solid. The acoustic signals were recorded and subsequently analyzed using the DeglutiSom® software. Results: The majority of the sample (81%) with TMD presented atypical swallowing biodynamics, with a significantly greater frequency of food residuals for the three consistencies. The signal suggestive of aspiration was more frequent with the liquid consistency (37% of the group). Conclusion: There is a relation between TMD and an atypical swallowing pattern, which underscores the need for the multidisciplinary evaluation of individuals with this disorder.
Highlights
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a broad term used to identify problems involving the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint and associated structures
The impairment of the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles often has a negative impact on functions of the stomatognathic system, such as speaking, breathing, chewing and swallowing, since these structures actively participate in such processes
Forty-seven had TMD and 15 were without TMD according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD)
Summary
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a broad term used to identify problems involving the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint and associated structures. This condition is clinically characterized by pain, altered mandibular kinematics and joint sounds (Greene, Klasser & Epstein, 2010). By definition, swallowing is a set of coordinated muscle contractions that move the food bolus from the oral cavity through the esophagus to the stomach. For this to occur, the lips must be closed, sealing the oral cavity, and the teeth must be in maximum intercuspation to stabilize the mandible. These muscles control the hyoid bone, which is necessary for swallowing (Maffei et al, 2012)
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