Evaluation of surface roughness of enamel after various bonding and clean-up procedures on enamel bonded with three different bonding agents: An in-vitro study.

A Goel,T Gupta,Rs Gambhir,A Singh

doi:10.4317/jced.53237

Abstract

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the enamel surface roughness before bonding and after debonding, to find correlation between the adhesive remnant index and its effect on enamel surface roughness and to evaluate which clean-up method is most efficient to provide a smoother enamel surface.Material and Methods135 premolars were divided into 3 groups containing 45 premolars in each group. Group I was bonded by using moisture insensitive primer, Group II by using conventional orthodontic adhesive and Group III by using self-etching primer. Each group was divided into 3 sub-groups on the basis of type of clean-up method applied i,e scaling followed by polishing, tungsten carbide bur and Sof-Lex disc. Enamel surface roughness was measured and compared before bonding and after clean-up.ResultsEvaluation of pre bonding and post clean-up enamel surface roughness (Ra value) with the t test showed that Post clean-up Ra values were greater than Pre bonding Ra values in all the groups except in teeth bonded with self-etching primer cleaned with Sof-Lex disc. Reliability of ARI score taken at different time interval tested with Kruskal Wallis test suggested that all the readings were reliable.ConclusionsNo clean-up procedure was able to restore the enamel to its original smoothness. Self-etching primer and Sof-Lex disc clean-up method combination restored the enamel surface roughness (Ra value) closest to its pre-treatment value. Key words:Enamel surface roughness, clean-up method, adhesive remnant index.

Highlights

At completion of fixed appliance therapy, one of the orthodontist’s primary concerns is to return the enamel surface to its original state as far as possible
The purpose of this study was to analyze enamel surface roughness before bonding with various adhesives and after debonding followed by various clean-up methods, and to provide a quantitative data on which clean-up method is most efficient to provide a smoother enamel surface and to correlate between the adhesive remnant after debonding and its effect on surface roughness
Enamel surface roughness was found to be different when same adhesive was removed with different clean-up methods and this diffee610

Summary

Introduction

At completion of fixed appliance therapy, one of the orthodontist’s primary concerns is to return the enamel surface to its original state as far as possible. Assessment of the effectiveness of rotary instruments was limited to inspecting the surface under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to see the morphology of the enamel surface [7] Such investigations are subjective and cannot be used alone to judge the reliability of a clean-up protocol. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the enamel surface roughness before bonding and after debonding, to find correlation between the adhesive remnant index and its effect on enamel surface roughness and to evaluate which clean-up method is most efficient to provide a smoother enamel surface. Self-etching primer and Sof-Lex disc clean-up method combination restored the enamel surface roughness (Ra value) closest to its pre-treatment value

Objectives

Results

Conclusion