Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate organic substrates in the production of canafistula (Peltophorum dubium) (Spreng.) Taub, cutieira (Joannesiaprinceps Vell.), jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) and rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis M. Arg.) seedlings, native trees with potential use in forest restoration programs. The design was completely randomized with 10 substrate formulations with 4 repetitions of 3 plants for the four species. The evaluated substrates consisted of soil, bovine manure (BM), poultry manure (PM), chemical fertilizer (CF) and sand, in different proportions. The experiment was concluded at the end of 180 days for canafistula, cutieira and rubber and 210 days for jatoba. At the end of these periods, the root (RDM), shoot (SDM) and total (TDM) the dry matters of the seedlings were determined. Quantification of AMF spores and normalization between samples through SPORES/RDM correction were also performed. The Scott-Knott test at 5% probability was applied. Regarding biomass production, only canafistula had significant difference among the tested substrates. In relation to sporulation, the highest values were observed in cutieira and rubber tree in substrate containing PM. The substrates composed of 40 or 50% soil + 20% sand + 30% or 40 PM for canafistula; 50% soil + 20% sand + 30% PM for cutieira; and for jatoba and rubber tree 60% soil + 20% sand + 20% PM, enabled the best results in terms of biomass production in seedlings and AMF sporulation.
Highlights
The conservation of biodiversity is one of the greatest challenges of humanity, due to the high level of human disturbance on natural ecosystems
There was an intense dry matter production showing that it had differentiated growth among the substrates tested (Table 3)
As for the cutieira, jatobá and rubber tree, there were no significant effects of the substrates on biomass production
Summary
The conservation of biodiversity is one of the greatest challenges of humanity, due to the high level of human disturbance on natural ecosystems. According to Viana and Pinheiro (1998), fragmentation is one of the main consequences of this disturbance. Given this situation, forest fragments of various sizes and shapes, are of fundamental importance to the sustainability of the Atlantic Forest biome (ZAU, 1998), which historically and in the first place has been deforested and, subsequently, other biomes such as the Amazon Forest has suffered impacts. Is a deciduous and heliophilic plant of the Caesalpiniaceae family of successional group of pioneers. It has extensive natural distribution from the state of Bahia to Paraná, especially in semideciduous broadleaved forest. A rustic plant of rapid growth, it is recommended for the composition of mixed reforestation of degraded areas (LORENZI, 2002)
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