Abstract
In this study, the geometrically nonlinear behaviour caused by large displacements and rotations in the cross sections of thin-walled composite beams subjected to axial loading is investigated. Newton–Raphson scheme and an arc length method are used in the solution of nonlinear equations by finite element method to determine the mechanical effect. The Carrera-Unified formulation (CUF) is used to solve nonlinear, low or high order kinematic refined structure theories for finite beam elements. In the study, displacement area and stress distributions of composite structures with different angles and functionally graded (FG) structures are presented for Lagrange polynomial expansions. The results show the accuracy and computational efficiency of the method used and give confidence for new research.
Highlights
In the last decade, engineering materials have been classified into composite materials, smart materials, micro and nanomaterials, and gossamer space structures
Nonlinear displacement and stress distributions in the cross-section effect of the isotropic beam, composite beam placed at different angles, and functionally graded (FG) beams are investigated by Carrera-Unified formulation (CUF) theory
The beam with a cross section of the cartesian reference system in the xz plane is located along the y-axis and has a length of L = 8 m
Summary
In the last decade, engineering materials have been classified into composite materials, smart materials, micro and nanomaterials, and gossamer space structures. Subsequent studies are based on the Timoshenko beam theory This exact solution analysis resulted in a post-buckling curve that rises slowly enough that there is no significant increase in load-carrying capacity until the deformations increase significantly. Rizzetto et al [18] adopted the finite element method for the analysis of buckling and post-buckling behaviour of isotropic and composite cylindrical shells. They employed a numerical time integration, as pulsating axial loading was considered. Nonlinear displacement and stress distributions in the cross-section effect of the isotropic beam, composite beam placed at different angles, and FG beams are investigated by CUF theory. The results obtained are confirmed by previous studies [47,49]
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