Abstract
Abstract To eliminate problems caused by gypsum soil in Iraq (due to gypsum salt under building foundations and projects), this study evaluates the effect of using the proposed stabiliser additives (vehicle waste oil and asphalt powder) to produce a composite enhancement material as a novel solution by examining the shear strength of the gypseous soil using the direct shear and constant head permeability tests. Three burned-oil weights were used (3%, 5%, and 7% by dry soil weight), which were mixed with a constant quantity of asphalt powder (10% of the sample weight) to investigate the shear strength of the composite material. Several factors were considered in this study, including soaking time and moisture content. The main findings reveal that composite material could improve the strength of the gypseous soil. The stabiliser reduces water leakage and percolation by forming an impermeable layer with a very fine texture, causing a significant reduction in the permeability coefficient, which improves the gypseous soil and reduces the collapse phenomenon.
Highlights
Collapsible soil or rock is considered a severe problem that faces civil engineers when constructing structures
To eliminate problems caused by gypsum soil in Iraq, this study evaluates the effect of using the proposed stabiliser additives to produce a composite enhancement material as a novel solution by examining the shear strength of the gypseous soil using the direct shear and constant head permeability tests
The soil used in this study is a mixed sandy clay soil with a high percentage of gypsum at about 50%, which behaves as gypseous soil with high permeability and collapsibility, requiring treatment with a stabiliser
Summary
Collapsible soil or rock is considered a severe problem that faces civil engineers when constructing structures. One of the most complicated engineering problems that face civil engineers is the presence of gypsum in the soil [4] due to several factors, such as temperature, moisture content, and the presence of certain types of salt These factors should be considered and measured before any construction takes place. The continuous leaching of gypsum from the soil caused the dam of Mosul to be vulnerable to collapse, prompting engineers to inject the dam floor with cement to fill the voids Another case of collapse occurred in Habbaniyah, a tourist city, which suffered damage and defects due to the presence of gypsum soil [5]. Both lime and emulsion asphalt were added in another study [13]
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