Evaluation of SpO2, PaO2, FiO2 levels in developing retinopathy of prematurity

Abstract

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a potentially blinding disease affecting the retinas in premature infants. In the treatment procedure of ROP, oxygen inhalation as well as the SpO2, PaO2, FiO2 levels analysis are some major concerns.Methods: This was a prospective COHORT study which was conducted at the special care baby unit (SCABU) and intensive care unit (ICU) of Dhaka shishu (children) hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2012 to December 2014. Total one hundred (100) neonates of both sexes were finalized as the study population. Data were processed and analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 17, EPI info 7.Results: We found statistically significant risk for ROP, RR 3.48 (2.61-4.64) but there was no risk associated with FiO2 (24-32) % or 33-40 % in inhaled air. SpO2 (95-99) % was present in 25 (78.13%) of ROP (positive) neonates and 16 (23.53%) in ROP (negative) neonates. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between the groups and RR 4.8 (2.51-9.28) for saturation of 95-99%. Partial pressure of oxygen >150 mm of Hg present in 12 (37.50%) cases of ROP (positive) neonates and 6 (8.82%) in ROP (negative) neonates. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between the groups and RR 2.90 (1.83-4.5) for partial pressure of oxygen (>150) but there was no risk for partial pressure of 70-99 and 100-150 mm of Hg.Conclusions: During oxygen therapy FiO2 value, SpO2 value and more precisely the PaO2 value on neonate should be maintained within a target range.