Abstract
Background:Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a serious disease affects sheep and goat, caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Due to it is non-treatable disease, so the effective preventive vaccines are considered a significant way to combat the disease. All strains of C. pseudotuberculosis have several virulence factors that associated with their cell invasion, survival, and proliferation such as phospholipase D (PLD), outer lipid coat, and secreted proteases.Aim:The present study was directed to perform a comparative innate and acquired immune response assessment of different four vaccine formulas to evoke protection against induced (CLA) challenge in sheep.Materials and Methods:Negative ELISA (free of CLA) 15 local breed male (Balady) sheep were divided into five groups, each has received a different vaccine while the control has received saline buffer. The first vaccine composed of toxoid PLD alone the second composed of toxoid PLD with bacterin (formalinkilled bacteria), the third vaccine composed of toxoid PLD plus covaccine 8, while the fourth one composed of toxoid PLD plus locally produced polyvalent clostridial vaccine. The specific immune response was evaluated through lymphocyte proliferation assay using ELISA BrdU kit, while the non-specific response was estimated by superoxide anion production and lysozyme activity assays.Results:The study revealed that PLD toxoid could evoke the highest specific immune response, showing a stimulation index (9.12%). On the other hand, combined toxoid ↱PLD with bacterin followed by PLD toxoid showed a significant increase in the non-specific innate immune response.Conclusion:The present study indicated that the toxoid PLD alone vaccine was most efficient and provided innate and acquired immune response in animals against CLA.
Highlights
Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic bacterial infectious disease of sheep and goats, caused by inhalation or ingestion of the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, and is responsible for many economic losses [1,2]
The specific immune response was evaluated through lymphocyte proliferation assay using ELISA BrdU kit, while the nonspecific response was estimated by superoxide anion production and lysozyme activity assays
The study revealed that phospholipase D (PLD) toxoid could evoke the highest specific immune response, showing a stimulation index (9.12%)
Summary
Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic bacterial infectious disease of sheep and goats, caused by inhalation or ingestion of the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, and is responsible for many economic losses [1,2]. The disease presents in two different ways, the external, known as superficial or cutaneous form which is characterized by the development of abscesses within the subcutaneous tissue or superficial lymph nodes. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a serious disease affects sheep and goat, caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Due to it is non-treatable disease, so the effective preventive vaccines are considered a significant way to combat the disease. All strains of C. pseudotuberculosis have several virulence factors that associated with their cell invasion, survival, and proliferation such as phospholipase D (PLD), outer lipid coat, and secreted proteases
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