Abstract
This study aimed to produce new generation of fats or oils, known as specialty lipids, from enzymatic reaction of fish oil rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, serving as a source of essential fatty acids, and a medium-chain fatty acid (Capric acid, C10:0), for rapid energy release, using self-designed bioreactor. The beneficial aspects of the resultant specialty lipids (SL) on blood lipid chemistry were evaluated using animal models. Serum lipids were analyzed for lipid profile. Animals in the three treatments: Group 1 fed with corn oil, Group 2 fed with a physical blend (PB) of fish oil (FO) and capric acid (CA); and Group 3 fed with specialty lipids (SL) showed a significant (p 0.05) in HDL-c level after 60 days of treatment. Although SL caused an increase in HDL-c level but lower than CO. Animals in CO group showed insignificant increase (p > 0.05) in the level of LDL-c, whereas SL did not cause any change in LDL-c level. On the other hand, the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) is considerably (p 0.05) concerning TAG, TC, and LDL-c levels, but the only difference between these two groups was in the HDL-c level. The weight of animals was increasing with time in animals fed CO, while it was decreasing with time for animals fed PB and SL. The difference in percent body change between SL and CO was significant (p < 0.05) after 8 weeks of treatment.
Highlights
Hypercholesterolemia is known as the main significant modifiable risk factor for the cardio vascular disease (CVD)
The present study showed that TAG levels in Group 2 and Group 3 decreased level of TAG significantly (p < 0.05) at Day 60 compared to Day 0 (Figure 2)
This study produced large amount of specialty lipids based on fish oil and a medium-chain fatty acid (C10:0) using a novel single bed bioreactor packed with a specific sn-1,3 lipase
Summary
Hypercholesterolemia is known as the main significant modifiable risk factor for the cardio vascular disease (CVD). Diagnosis and treatment (diet and/or drug) can result in reduction of incidence of CVD. A clinical relationship has been recognized between hyperlipidemia and incidence of cardiac disease [1]. High level of serum cholesterol, and a decreased amount of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol) are the major risk factors linked with coronary heart disease [2]. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality among the Saudi population [3]. According to WHO (2008), cardiovascular disease resulted in death of 144 per 100,000 in KSA. Coronary heart disease (CHD) constitutes one of the major health problems in the kingdom [4]. The dollar cost of CVD management in Saudi Arabia is significantly high as reflected in a considerable percentage of frequent hospital admissions and bed occupancy due to CVD [5]
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