Evaluation of source material for selection Dactylis glomerata in Primorsky Region conditions

Abstract

Dactylis glomerata is an upland loose-flattened perennial herb, the most shade-tolerant of the common grasses. Low winter hardiness is an obstacle to the wide use of Dactylis glomerata as a grassland crop and a limiting factor for the release of varieties in the Primorsky Region. The devel- opment of highly winter-hardy intensive types of dwarf Dactylis glomerata is an important area of breeding work. The study aims to study promising source material of Dactylis glomerata for further use in creating new winter-hardy, high-yielding varieties. The authors have identified types for the yield of intensive varieties by studying the collection of Dactylis glomerata for the period 2018-2020 in the conditions of the Primorsky Region. The Dactylis glomerata plants reach full development and the highest yields in the third year of life. In terms of green matter yields in the two years of use, several Dactylis glomerata exceed the standard by 29-34%. These are variety samples 41821 Wild (Norway), 40280 Wild (Altai), and Sverdlovchanka 86 (Ural Agricultural Research Institute). The va- rieties Sverdlovchanka 86 (Urals Agricultural Research Institute), Dikorastushchaya (Primorskaya local) and 32028 Dikorastushchaya (Arkhangelskaya region) were distinguished by seed yield in the two years of use, having exceeded the standard by 113-153%. The winter hardiness of plants in the first winter is a limiting factor for Dactylis glomerata in Primorsky Krai conditions. The identified differences in the winter hardiness of plants allow the best of them to be used in selection. In the col- lection nursery of Dactylis glomerata, a variety of varieties with 100% winter hardiness of plants in the first winter after sowing were: 48113 Aukstuole (Lithuania), 41821 Wild (Norway), 40896 Wild (Kazakhstan), Sverdlovchanka 86 (Agricultural Research Institute), Wild (Primorsky Region).