Abstract
Some commonly used varieties and hybrids of brinjal were evaluated against shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee during late kharif 2015-16 in insectary premises, Department of Entomology, S.V. Agricultural college, Tirupati. Eleven varieties and hybrids of brinjal were tested against shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis. The shoot damage was ranged from 4.06 to 15. 37 per cent in different cultivars. The lower shoot damage was recorded in Arka Neelakanth (4.06%), CVK (4.66%), Shyamala (5.30%), PHB-909 (6.06%) and Arka Keshav (6.46%). The mean fruit damage comparatively was less in hybrid Shyamala, Arka Neelakanth. In these two lines, on number basis, the mean per cent damaged fruits were 23 to 26 per cent. On weight basis also, similar results were obtained (22 to 23 % mean fruit damage). The highest mean fruit damage was recorded in CVK variety (65.83% on number basis and 59.55% on weight basis) followed by Ranjitha hybrid and Arka Kusumakar variety (58 to 59% and 53 to 57% on number and weight basis respectively) at 100 days after transplanting. In remaining lines also, above 35 per cent fruit damage was recorded. Plant height, number of branches, leaves and leaf area did not show any impact on the damage by L. orbonalis. Density of trichomes was found to have negative impact on L. orbonalis. The highest number of trichomes (201 per cm2 leaf area) was recorded on Shyamala. The lowest were in Arka Kusumakar which was highly susceptible one. However, in many of the tested lines, above 150 trichomes/cm2 leaf area were noted.
Highlights
Brinjal, (Solanum melongena L.) is the second important vegetable crop next to tomato grown in an area of 0.68 million hectares with annual production of 12.9 million tonnes accounting about 8.3 per cent of total vegetable production in India
Shoot damage due to L. orbonalis was lower in Shyamala hybrid, CVK variety, Arka Neelakanth variety, Arka Keshav variety, Jyothi hybrid and PHb-909
Whereas relatively high per cent shoot damages were recorded in Arka Kusumakar variety Arka Nidhi variety, Utkal hybrid and Ranjitha hybrids
Summary
Brinjal, (Solanum melongena L.) is the second important vegetable crop next to tomato grown in an area of 0.68 million hectares with annual production of 12.9 million tonnes accounting about 8.3 per cent of total vegetable production in India. The damage due to insect pests is one of the major reasons for the lower productivity in brinjal. It causes about 16 and 70 percent damage to shoots and fruits of brinjal, respectively (Latif et al, 2010). Prasad et al (2014) noted that larval entry was affected by small pithy stem, thick cuticle, and sharp unicellular trichomes. In connection to this line, certain commonly available brinjal varieties and Hybrids were screened against one of the major insect pests i.e shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes arbonalis
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