Abstract
Efficacy of five commercial modern biopesticidal formulations was evaluated against the penultimate instar larvae of E. <i>machaeralis</i> in field-cum-lab experiments. These were; plant derived product (Ozomite® @ 0.0025% to 0.02%), <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> with combinations of other entomopathogenic fungi (Bioseal plus® @ 0.05% to 0.30%, i.e., 5x10<sup>5</sup> to 3.0x10<sup>6</sup> spores/ ml) and <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> with combinations of other entomopathogenic fungi (Biomet plus® @ 0.05% to 0.30%, i.e., 5x10<sup>5</sup> to 3.0x10<sup>6</sup> spores / ml), Actinomycete product (Spinosad) 45%EC (Conserve® @ 0.005% to 0.10%), botanicals with <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Agropest<i>Bt</i>® @ 0.01% to 0.05%) apart from water spray as control. The plant derived commercial formulation (Ozomite®) (with 94.44% mortality at 0.01%), Actinomycete product (Conserve®) (with 100% mortality at 0.05%) and botanicals with <i>Bt</i> (Agropest<i>Bt</i>®) (with 77.78% mortality at 0.05%) proved promising against the <i>Eutectona machaeralis</i> larvae. The plant derived commercial formulation (Ozomite®) was the most effective, followed by Actinomycete product (Conserve).
Highlights
The over-realization on the chemical insecticides and resulting hazardous environmental implications, in the form of direct or indirect impacts on over-all biodiversity and the human beings has increased impetus to integrate the biorational and ecofriendly methods for the management of insect pests
The evaluation of modern biocontrol formulations time to time is the suitable alternative to the use of chemical pesticides [1] for promoting use of biocontrol options and integration in the management practices against major insect pests
A variety of different control methods were experimented in the past like chemical, botanical pesticides and biological control agents to minimize the population of the E. machaeralis from forest nurseries, plantations and natural forest [3]
Summary
The over-realization on the chemical insecticides and resulting hazardous environmental implications, in the form of direct or indirect impacts on over-all biodiversity and the human beings has increased impetus to integrate the biorational and ecofriendly methods for the management of insect pests. The evaluation of modern biocontrol formulations time to time is the suitable alternative to the use of chemical pesticides [1] for promoting use of biocontrol options and integration in the management practices against major insect pests. The same is true for insect pests affecting forest tree species [2, 3, 4]. A variety of different control methods were experimented in the past like chemical, botanical pesticides and biological control agents to minimize the population of the E. machaeralis from forest nurseries, plantations and natural forest [3]. Some biopesticides of microbial and botanical pesticides have been experimented against this pests earlier [7, 8, 9], not much work on their management by evaluating alternative methods has been carried out
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