Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the solubilities and physicochemical properties of solid dispersions of daidzein (DDZ) and genistein (GST) (the major isoflavones in soybeans) in γ-cyclodextrin (γCD). Dispersions were prepared in distilled water using a three-dimensional ball mill (3DGMw). Phase solubility diagrams confirmed that DDZ/γCD and GST/γCD formed AL type inclusion complexes with a molar ratio of 1:1. A new peak due to inclusion complexes was observed in the results of powder X-ray diffraction (3DGMw(DDZ/γCD = 1:1) and 3DGMw(GST/γCD = 1:1)). Dissolution tests using distilled water found that solubilities of 3DGMw(DDZ/γCD = 1:1) and 3DGMw(GST/γCD = 1:1) were approximately 37- and 51-fold higher, respectively, than the solubilities of pure DDZ and GST. These observations are expected to expand the usefulness of cogrinding of DDZ or GST with γCD using a three-dimensional ball mill.
Highlights
Soybeans and soy products are plant-based foods extensively used worldwide
DDZ can reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,[4] and GST is useful for chemoprevention of prostatic cancer.[5]
Phase solubility diagrams indicate that the solubilities of DDZ and GST increase linearly with the addition of γCD
Summary
Soybeans and soy products are plant-based foods extensively used worldwide. Soy products contain isoflavones, which have structures similar to the female hormone estrogen and which show estrogenic action.[1] Soy isoflavones have been reported to promote osteoplasty[2] and reduce negative symptoms of menopause.[3] soy isoflavones are used as dietary supplements or food for specified health promoting effects. Two aglycon-type isoflavones present at relatively high concentrations in soy products are daidzein (DDZ) and genistein (GST). DDZ can reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,[4] and GST is useful for chemoprevention of prostatic cancer.[5] The improvement of dispersibility in water and the improvement of bioavailability are required for a more effective use of DDZ and GST since
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