Abstract
The thermal performance of a single slope (SS) solar still integrated with a condenser supplied with cooled water from an evaporative cooling system under hot and humid climatic conditions were studied and analyzed. Results of this study shows that the solar energy available inside the still with and without condenser resulted in an increase in the brackish water temperatures of 8.1 oC. It also increased the temperature of the water vapor inside the still by 12.7 oC. Due to increase in the intensity of solar radiation and consequently the heat energy stored inside the single slope solar still, the productivity of distilled water was 5941.4 ml/m 2 day. The thermal efficiency of the (SS) still without using condenser was on, an average, 54.4%. Connecting the solar still to a condenser led to an increase in the productivity and thermal efficiency to 55.41% and 30.1%, respectively. The obtained data also revealed that the pH (7.9), EC (43.4 ms/cm), and TDS (30.9 ppm) values were lower than those of the brackish water (8.1, 1,436 ms/cm, and 1,370 ppm, respectively).
Highlights
Water is one of the most abundant natural resources on earth, and it covers three-quarters of the earth’s surface
Results of this study shows that the solar energy available inside the still with and without condenser resulted in an increase in the brackish water temperatures of 8.1 oC
In the present research work, several conclusions can be drawn: 1) The increase in either the intensity of solar radiation and/or the ambient air temperature can lead to an increase in the productivity of a single slope solar still
Summary
Water is one of the most abundant natural resources on earth, and it covers three-quarters of the earth’s surface. The problem is more severe in desert countries, such as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and, in particular, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), where freshwater shortages are a serious problem (Radhwan, 2004). Many of these countries, enjoy abundant and free high-intensity solar energy, so solar desalination might be an ideal technology that could provide some freshwater for both domestic and agricultural use. Many developing countries that normally could not afford to use desalinated water are likely to have much greater water needs due to population growth These countries, in general, receive a greater amount of solar radiation. The daily average solar radiation flux incident on Saudi Arabia is 5-8 kWh/m2 (Al-Ansari, 2013)
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