Evaluation of Serum Paraoxonase and Lipid Profile in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Pre and post Hemodialysis

Abstract

Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is the progressive and irreversible loss of normal functioning of kidneys. this is associated with increased levels of some biochemical parameters and decreased others. This study aims to evaluate the value of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity as biochemical marker for patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) before and after hemodialysis (HD).
 The samples of this study consists of 100 patients (55 males, 45 females) and 100 apparently healthy individuals (57 males, 43 females) from 20 - 70 years old of age. All patients included in this study were those who were receiving hemodialysis therapy in the dialysis unit in Kirkuk general Hospital from the period between February 2013 and May 2014. Serum PON1, BU, Cr, TC, TG, HDL, LDL levels were measured by spectrophotometric methods.Paraoxonase1 activity level was significantly lower in cases of CRF patients than in normal healthy control in pre hemodialysis (HD). It's level was significantly increased in post HD (P> 0.05). The blood urea (BU), serum creatinine (Cr), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly higher than normal healthy control in pre HD (P˂ 0.05), In post HD their levels were significantly decreased as compared to the pre HD (P˂ 0.05) but still lower than normal control, the serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) of CRF patients was significantly lower than normal controls (P˂ 0.05) in pre HD and was significantly increased in post HD as compared to pre HD but remained lower than normal healthy control. Conclusion: PON1 activity was significantly decreased in CRF patients before HD and significantly increased after HD but remained lower than controls. PON1 was significantly and negatively correlated with the age, BMI, duration of disease, BU, Cr, TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL. This study demonstrates that there is an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis by increasing TC, TG, LDL, VLDL and decreasing HDL.