Evaluation of serum electrolytes and their relation to glycemic status in patients with T2DM

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires long-term medication to limit the development of its ruinous complications. The complications of diabetes are metabolic imbalance, blood vessel degeneration; effect on electrolyte concentration can offset the proportion of electrolytes. Since there is a direct association of serum electrolytes with diabetes mellitus (DM), the study was planned to investigate the electrolytes disturbance and their association with glycemic status in T2DM patients. This was cross-sectional hospital-based study; 60 participants who were diagnosed to have T2DM between the age group 30 to 60 years were recruited. Fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin and serum electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium were estimated. Descriptive statistics was expressed as mean & SD. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to find the association and degree of relationship between serum electrolytes and glycemic status in T2DM. All the biochemical parameters were altered in T2DM patients. There was no significant association between FBS, HbA1c and serum electrolytes. The present study showed an alteration in electrolytes status, but there was no statistically significant association between fasting blood glucose, glycemic control and serum electrolytes consideration of the multifactorial origin of electrolyte imbalance, a cause-specific treatment is required to avoid any risk.