Abstract
Background: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an important mediator of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in humans with severe acute pancreatitis (AP), but there is little information regarding its role in dogs.Aim: To compare the serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and HMGB1 in healthy dogs and those with AP with or without SIRS.Methods: The study included 22 dogs with AP and 20 healthy dogs. CRP and HMGB1 were assessed by ELISA. Statistical analyses were conducted by non-parametric tests.Results: Median (interquartile range) serum CRP and HMGB1 concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in dogs with AP [60.56 (14.50–140.10) µg/mL and 0.35 (0.03–1.12) ng/mL, respectively] than in healthy dogs [2.23 (1.75–5.14) µg/mL and 0.02 (0.01–0.05) ng/mL, respectively]. After the recommended treatments for AP, serum CRP concentration in AP dogs significantly decreased, but that of HMGB1 in AP dogs significantly increased. There was also a significant difference in median serum HMGB1 concentration between AP dogs with and without SIRS. The use of serum HMGB1 concentration of 0.35 ng/mL to distinguish AP dogs with and without SIRS was associated with a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 71.5%. A positive correlation was identified between HMGB1 and clinical severity of AP. All AP dogs had a positive outcome during hospitalization [6.0 (1.5–6.0) days].Conclusion: Results indicate that HMGB1 might be a useful biomarker for the progression of AP and may play a role in progression of AP into SIRS in dogs.
Highlights
Acute pancreatitis (AP) develops when there is abnormally early activation of trypsin and other pancreatic proteases within the pancreas that overwhelms both the local safeguards within pancreatic acinar cells and the capacity of antiproteases in the circulatory system (Mansfield 2012a, 2012b)
The present study showed that serum High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) concentration significantly differs between dogs with acute pancreatitis (AP) and healthy dogs, as well as between AP dogs with and without systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) on admission
There was a positive correlation between the serum concentrations of HMGB1 and clinical severity of AP in dogs with AP, implying that the former may represent a potential biomarker of the severity of AP (Sato et al 2017)
Summary
Acute pancreatitis (AP) develops when there is abnormally early activation of trypsin and other pancreatic proteases within the pancreas that overwhelms both the local safeguards within pancreatic acinar cells and the capacity of antiproteases in the circulatory system (Mansfield 2012a, 2012b). Various studies have identified biomarkers of AP such as serum paraoxonase 1 activity and C-reactive protein (CRP) (Tvarijonaviciute et al 2015; Sato et al 2017). Aim: To compare the serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and HMGB1 in healthy dogs and those with AP with or without SIRS. Results: Median (interquartile range) serum CRP and HMGB1 concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in dogs with AP [60.56 (14.50–140.10) mg/mL and 0.35 (0.03–1.12) ng/mL, respectively] than in healthy dogs [2.23 (1.75–5.14) mg/mL and 0.02 (0.01–0.05) ng/ mL, respectively]. Conclusion: Results indicate that HMGB1 might be a useful biomarker for the progression of AP and may play a role in progression of AP into SIRS in dogs
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