Evaluation of selectivity and robustness of near-infrared glucose measurements based on short-scan Fourier transform infrared interferograms

Abstract

The selectivity and robustness of near-infrared (near-IR) calibration models based on short-scan Fourier transform (FT) infrared interferogram data are explored. The calibration methodology used in this work employs bandpass digital filters to reduce the frequency content of the interferogram data, followed by the use of partial least-squares (PLS) regression to build calibration models with the filtered interferogram signals. Combination region near-IR interferogram data are employed corresponding to physiological levels of glucose in an aqueous matrix containing variable levels of alanine, sodium ascorbate, sodium lactate, urea, and triacetin. A randomized design procedure is used to minimize correlations between the component concentrations and between the concentration of glucose and water. Because of the severe spectral overlap of the components, this sample matrix provides an excellent test of the ability of the calibration methodology to extract the glucose signature from the interferogram data. The robustness of the analysis is also studied by applying the calibration models to data collected outside of the time span of the data used to compute the models. A calibration model based on 52 samples collected over 4 days and employing two digital filters produces a standard error of calibration (SEC) of 0.36 mM glucose. The corresponding standard errors of prediction (SEP) for data collected on the 5th (18 samples) and 7th (10 samples) day are 0.42 and 0.48 mM, respectively. The interferogram segment used for the analysis contained only 155 points. These results are compatible with those obtained in a conventional analysis of absorbance spectra and serve to validate the viability of the interferogram-based calibration.