Evaluation of Selected Inbred Lines of Eggplant (cv. Black Balady.) and Hybrids Among them

Abstract

This study was carried out at El - Barmoon Farm, Mansoura Horticultural Research Station, Dekahlia Governorate, Egypt during four successive summer seasons of 2010 to 2014. Seeds of the local Balady of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). The lines were selected from four populations (S0) of local genotypes collected from different four regions of Egypt . The mean squares of the selected lines were highly significant for all studied traits except total soluble solids trait. Furthermore, the superior values between lines mean squares comparing to within plot mean squares indicated the relative magnitude variation between lines than the among the same line. This fact could be used as a primarily indicator for the success of reaching to a logical level of homozigoisty. The mean performance of the selected lines for vegetative traits, yield components and fruit quality traits were recorded the lines L.B.10-2 highly recommended for direct integration or as parental lines for the earliest flowers ,the highest early yield and fruit shape index by the mean of 57.51 day , 1.093 kgs and, 1.908 cm2, respectively. The coefficient of variance was estimated for some vegetative, yield components and fruit traits after four cycles of selection in ten lines. The line LB.29-1 was a good donor for plant height , number of branches and early yield per plant but with relative small fruit size comparing with the other lines. While, the line LB.17-5 gave highly recommended for fruit shape index and total soluble solids by the mean of 1.252 % and 3.524 %. The magnitude of the genetic variation between lines was the most important part comparing with genetic variation within plants for all studied traits. Obtained broad-sence heritability (H2Bs) values for the studied traits ranged from 3.22 % to 99.7% , suggesting moderate to high values of heritability. The result indicated that the F1 hybrid L.B.10-2 x L.B.14-1 showed the highest and desirable value for number of branches per plant of the mean of 31.77, number of fruits per plant 23.66, fruit shape index of the mean of 0.103 and total soluble solids , respectively. At the same time, the F1 hybrid L.B.10-2 x L.B.37-4 exhibited the highest values of hybrid vigor for earliness triat (Early yield per pant) of the mean of 56.47, Average fruit weight of the mean of 84.64 and total early of the mean of 33.93, respectively.. While, the F1 hybrid L.B.10-2 x L.B.22-3 showed the highly heterosis is noticed for the prominent yield attributing characters of -12.24 for earliest flowers. This result indicated that choice of parents is very important. These hybrids can be developed for breeding programme and also can satisfy the local demand eggplant breeding programme should aim to produce new F1 hybrids.