Evaluation of secondhand smoke exposure in taxi cabs in Turkey

Abstract

Introduction: In 2008, Turkey passed its smoke-free legislation prohibiting smoking in public spaces. However, this legislation does not extend to motor vehicles. This poses significant health risks to secondhand smoke exposure (SHS), especially to non-smokers. Our objective was to identify taxi drivers’ attitudes and behaviors in order to assess tobacco consumption and SHS in taxicabs. Methods: From December 2012 to July 2013, we conducted a cross-sectional observational study across 12 cities in Turkey. A systematic sample of 356 taxi commercial vehicles was selected. During trips to and from study venues, fieldworkers observed smoking exposure in taxicabs, such as the presence of cigarette butts or cigarette packs, and interviewed taxicab drivers on their smoking status and smoking policy. Results: 65% (232) of taxi drivers were current smokers. A majority of these current smokers also reported always (14%) and sometimes (29%) smoking inside the taxi. Overall, 62% of drivers allow passengers to smoke inside the taxi and 45% smoke when customers are inside the taxi. Less than 1% of smokers reported being fined by police because of smoking inside their taxi. Conclusions: This study highlights the need to promote public health awareness about the risks of secondhand smoke exposure, especially in motor vehicles. Efforts should be taken to inform the public about the potential health hazards of secondhand smoke exposure in motor vehicles, even under optimal ventilation conditions.