Evaluation of Scrophularia striata Hydroalcoholic Extract's Hematomodulatory Effects: An Approach to Traditional Ethnomedicine

Abstract

Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have broad biomedical applications and may result in a high risk of human and environmental toxicity. Scrophularia striata possesses a strong antioxidant capacity. Objectives: This study seeks to examine the modulatory influence of S. striata hydroalcoholic extract on the toxicity of silver nanoparticles on blood granulocytes, agranulocytes, and general parameters in male Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty male rats weighing an average of 200 ± 20 were divided into five experimental groups of six. In 30 days, rats were given 2 mL of distilled water in group 1 (negative control), 200 ppm AgNPs (hepatotoxicity dosage) in group 2, as well as 20, 60, and 180 mg/kg S. striata extract and 200 ppm AgNPs in groups 3, 4, and 5. Rats’ blood samples were taken 24 hours following their last partial anesthesia treatment. One-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the data, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Results: When compared to the control groups, oral treatment of AgNPs resulted in substantial changes in WBC, NE, LY, MO, EO, BA, RBC, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, PLT, and MPV levels. In comparison to the positive and negative groups, the extract's modulatory effects on hematological parameters demonstrated substantial variations, especially in groups 4 and 5 (60 and 180 mg/kg). Conclusions: Due to the presence of some unique components, such as flavonoids, the extract of the S. striata plant was discovered to be an efficient hematomodulatory, compensating to some extent for the cytotoxic side effects of AgNPs within the body.