Evaluation of SCC crack behavior in zirconium and zircaloy-2 using nonlinear fracture mechanics parameters

Abstract

Applicability of nonlinear fracture mechanics parameters, i.e. J-integral, crack tip opening displacement (CTOD), and crack tip opening angle (CTOA), to evaluation of stress corrosion crack (SCC) propagation rate was investigated using fully annealed zirconium plates and Zircaloy-2 tubing, both of which produce SCC with comparatively large plastic strain in an iodine environment at high temperatures. Tensile SCC tests were carried out at 300°C for center-notched zirconium plates and internal gas pressurization SCC tests at 350°C, for Zircaloy-2 tubing, to measure the SCC crack propagation rate. The J-integral around semi-elliptical SCC cracks produced in Zircaloy-2 tubing was calculated by a three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) code. The test results revealed that the SCC crack propagation rate d c/d t could be expressed as a function of the J-integral, which is the most frequently used parameter in nonlinear fracture mechanics, by the equation d c/d t = C · J n , where C and n were experimental constants. Among the other parameters, CTOD and CTOA, the latter appeared to be useful for assessing the crack propagation rate, because it had a tendency to hold a constant value at various crack depths.