Evaluation of Round Block Technique in Different Juxta-Areolar Malignant Lesions in Early Breast Cancer

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Conservative surgery has become a well-established alternative to mastectomy in the treatment of breast cancer. However, in case of larger lesions or small-sized breasts, the removal of adequate volumes of breast tissue to achieve tumor-free margins and reducing the risk of local recurrance may compromise the cosmetic outcome, causing unpleasant results. To address these surgical techniques, the socalled oncoplastic techniques, have been introduced in recent years to optimize the efficacy of conservative surgery in terms of both local control and cosmetic results. Aim of the Work To evaluate round block technique in different juxta areolar malignant lesions up to 50 mm from areola in early breast cancer regarding oncologic, surgical and cosmetic outcome - post-operative complications. Patients and Methods A Clinical Interventional descriptive single arm randomized prospective study, conducted on 20 female patients presenting with juxta areolar malignant lesions up to 50 mm from areola in early breast cancer stages T1 and T2. Ages ranging 20 to 70 years to be treated using the “round block” technique. Results None of the patients had any malignant recurrence during follow up visits through 1 year after the surgical removal of the tumor proving that we had performed both techniques safely from oncological point of view. The cosmotic results were found to be excellent in 4 cases, very good in 11 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 1 case, and poor in 1 case. Unacceptable outcomes (either fair or poor) were observed in only 2 cases who underwent 25% excision or in whom the resected area was part of the lower portion of the breast. Conclusion The round block technique is useful for performing breast-conserving surgery in the upper portion of the breast. However, if the excision volume is greater than 20% and/or excision of a part of the lower portion of the breast is required, other procedures should be considered.