Abstract
BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract illness in children worldwide. Molecular analyses show two distinct RSV groups (A and B) that comprise different genotypes. This variability contributes to the capacity of RSV to cause yearly outbreaks. These RSV genotypes circulate within the community and within hospital wards. RSV is currently the leading cause of nosocomial respiratory tract infections in pediatric populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the G protein gene diversity of RSV amplicons.MethodsNasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected from children with nosocomial or community-acquired infections. Sixty-three RSV samples (21 nosocomial and 42 community-acquired) were evaluated and classified as RSV-A or RSV-B by real-time PCR. Sequencing of the second variable region of the G protein gene was performed to establish RSV phylogenetics.ResultsWe observed co-circulation of RSV-A and RSV-B, with RSV-A as the predominant group. All nosocomial and community-acquired RSV-A samples were from the same phylogenetic group, comprising the NA1 genotype, and all RSV-B samples (nosocomial and community-acquired) were of the BA4 genotype. Therefore, in both RSV groups (nosocomial and community-acquired), the isolates belonged to only one genotype in circulation.ConclusionsThis is the first study to describe circulation of the NA1 RSV genotype in Brazil. Furthermore, this study showed that the BA4 genotype remains in circulation. Deciphering worldwide RSV genetic variability will aid vaccine design and development.
Highlights
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract illness in children worldwide
RSV strains are separated into two major groups (A and B) on the basis of antigenic and genetic variability
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the G protein gene in RSV samples collected from young children with nosocomial or community-acquired infections in Southern Brazil
Summary
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract illness in children worldwide. Molecular analyses show two distinct RSV groups (A and B) that comprise different genotypes. This variability contributes to the capacity of RSV to cause yearly outbreaks. The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is considered the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide [1,2]. Molecular analysis of the second variable region in the G protein has been used to characterize RSV genotypes [5,6]. This variability might contribute to the ability of the virus to cause yearly outbreaks [6,7]
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