Evaluation of resistance of apricot cultivars and breeding lines to Monilinia laxa (Aderh. & Ruhland) Honey and Stigmina carpophila

Abstract

The resistance of 80 apricot cultivars and 78 breeding lines of NBS-NSC to Monilinia laxa (Aderh. & Ruhland) Honey and Stigmina carpophila (Lev.) M. B. Ellis was studied from 2011-2015, based on the collection plantations of Nikita Botanical Garden. Three introduced cultivars and nine NBS-NSC breeding lines showed resistance to Monilinia laxa (plant damage by 1-2 points). The most valuable cultivars are 'Dolgotsutka' (Bulgaria); 'Irano-Caucasian Hosravshai' and 'Central Asian Samarkandsky Ranny'. Among the cultivars and breeding lines. 'Agat', 'Ananasny Tsyurupinsky', 'Uvertyura', 'Selection 15/36' and others showed a plant damage rate of no more than 2 points. The genotypes that were studied also showed different susceptibility to Stigmina carpophila. A low damage by Stigmina carpophila pathogen was found in 42 introduced cultivars and 34 NBG-NSC selections (plant damage by 1-2 points). There was a correlation between the damage level of diseases and the origin of the cultivars. The evaluation allowed us to select 15 cultivars and 7 selections with a low degree of damage by both Monilinia laxa and Stigmina carpophila and these genotypes are adapted the best to the conditions of cultivation and gained a significant importance for further commercial use.