Evaluation of resin infiltration for inhibiting initial caries progression: An in vitro study using Micro-Computed Tomographic analysis

Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate the changes in lesion depth and mineral density of resin infiltration-treated white spot lesions against asimulated oral environment using thermal and acidic challenges in vitro. Materials and methodsTwo enamel slabs were prepared from each buccal surface of permanent human premolars, for a total of 56 slabs. Artificial white spot lesions were induced. One specimen was treated with resin infiltration, while the other was used as an untreated control. A micro-CT was used to assess the lesion depth and mineral density of each specimen. Subsequently, all specimens were subjected to 10,000 cycles of thermocycling and pH cycling for 10 days before being re-evaluated using the micro-CT. Lesion depth and mineral density were examined and compared between before and after aging procedures within each group by the paired sample t-test. The independent samples t-test was utilized to compare lesion depth progression and percentage change of mineral density between groups. ResultsAfter aging, there was both a significant lesion depth progression and a mineral loss in the control and resin infiltration groups. Mean lesion depth progression was 132.88 ± 4.18 µm for the control group and 52.31 ± 4.16 µm for resin infiltration group. Percentage mineral density loss as a percentage for the control and resin infiltration groups were 16.1 ± 0.64 % and 8.83 ± 0.30 %, respectively. The resin infiltration group demonstrated a significantly lower mean lesion depth progression and percentage changes in mineral loss compared to the control group. ConclusionsThe lesion depth and mineral density changes in the resin infiltrated-treated group were lower than untreated white spot lesions after aging procedures using thermal and acidic challenges. Clinical significanceResin infiltration is a promising approach to inhibit the progression of white spot lesions related to the initial stage of dental caries.