EVALUATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE ALGAE AS BIODIESEL FEEDSTOCK

Abstract

World population growth, together with urban development and industrialization, is increasing the world primary energy consumption every passing day. It is known that most of the energy used worldwide is derived from fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas, which are called primary energy sources. In this context, as humanity continues to search for sustainable development and better living conditions, renewable energy production becomes a worldwide priority. Renewable energy has an extremely important place in respect to meeting the energy needs of countries with domestic resources, thus reducing foreign dependencies, by diversifying resources and ensuring sustainable energy use and minimizing the damage to the environment as a result of energy consumption. Within the context of alternative energy policies, agriculture-based biomass energy has found a wide application area all over the world, with environment-friendly, sustainable energy production and environmental management features aimed at development. However, the increasing production of biofuels due to the agricultural potential and technological levels of the countries has brought significant debates with it. In this case, scientists have voiced that algae biomass, defined as third generation, could be an alternative energy source and that they have many advantages. From algae biomass; studies on biofuels such as biodiesel, renewable aviation fuel / bio jet fuel, bio- gasoline / green gasoline, bio-butanol, bioethanol, methane has been widely developed. It is a very important development that the agricultural areas are not used during the cultivation of the algae, and that they can reproduce with great speed even in very small areas.