Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the renal function of patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Methods: documentary, analytical and cross-sectional study with 150 Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive patients, using antiretroviral therapy, who had under gone exams of serum creatinine and abnormal urine elements and sediments, the glomerular filtration rate was calculated by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation and renal dysfunction was stratified. Results: 11.3% of the participants presented a glomerular filtration rate of less than 90 ml/min/1.73 m². Of these, 8.0% had renal dysfunction stage 2, and 3.3%, in stage 3. The variables, older age and prolonged exposure to antiretroviral therapy were statistically significant for altering renal function. Conclusion: estimates of glomerular filtration rate by means of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation proved to be an effective measure of early detection of renal function impairment in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the use of antiretroviral therapy.
Highlights
Since the registration of the first cases of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Brazil until June 2015, 798,366 cases of this syndrome were reported in the country, 65.0% of the cases in men, and 35.0% in women, with a higher prevalence in the age range of 25 and 39 years, for both sexes[1]
Access to highly active antiretroviral therapy has expanded since 1996, and 455,000 people were enrolled in this treatment for Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the year 2015, which provided considerable benefits to people living with HIV/AIDS due to increased survival, decreased hospitalizations, opportunistic complications and mortality associated with HIV/AIDS[2]
It is estimated that 17.0% of people living with HIV can have chronic kidney disease, which may be related to longer exposure to treatment with some antiretroviral drugs, advanced infection, high viral load, low CD4 + T lymphocyte count, Vascular diseases, metabolic disorders and black race[4]
Summary
Since the registration of the first cases of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Brazil until June 2015, 798,366 cases of this syndrome were reported in the country, 65.0% of the cases in men, and 35.0% in women, with a higher prevalence in the age range of 25 and 39 years, for both sexes[1]. Access to highly active antiretroviral therapy has expanded since 1996, and 455,000 people were enrolled in this treatment for Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the year 2015, which provided considerable benefits to people living with HIV/AIDS due to increased survival, decreased hospitalizations, opportunistic complications and mortality associated with HIV/AIDS[2]. Antiretroviral therapy has been linked to toxic effects on renal cells and the prolonged use of some drugs in HIV-infected patients may lead to the development of renal dysfunction by various mechanisms such as nephrolithiasis, intra tubular drug deposition, crystaluria, hematuria, renal atrophy, acute interstitial nephritis and acute and chronic renal failure[3]. It is estimated that 17.0% of people living with HIV can have chronic kidney disease, which may be related to longer exposure to treatment with some antiretroviral drugs, advanced infection, high viral load, low CD4 + T lymphocyte count, Vascular diseases, metabolic disorders and black race[4].
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