Abstract
Power system especially the distribution system which is the closest to the consumer is very fundamental and important to a nation’s economy development and that was the reason this study titled “Evaluation of reliability of power system distribution components, a case study of Sagamu Substation, Ogun State” was carried out in response to the yawning of the consumer for reliable and stable power supply. It is indispensable to find means of shaping which component failure contributes most to the unavailability, outage or interruption of the distribution system, and how this unavailability essentially affects the customers. A year power outages data that caused as a result of failure on each of these components such as Switch gears, Supply lines (11Kv),Busbar, circuit breakers, Fuses, Switches, Outgoings feeders, Over current relays, Earth fault relays, Surge arresters, transformers e.t.c. were collected from Ibadan Electricity Distribution company (IBDEC), Sagamu Substation Zone, Ogun State and were typified in Table 1-11.The failure rate (f/yr) (λ) of transformer, switch gear, supply line (incoming),bus bars, circuit breakers, fuses, switches, outgoing feeder, over current relay, earth fault relay and surge arrester were evaluated as follows 0.0059, 0.0044, 0.0011, 0.6667, 0.0007, 0.0082, 0.0000, 0.0039, 0.0003, 0.0001 and 0.0000 respectively and others such as average outages time (hours) ,outages time hours and other basic reliability indices were calculated and illustrated in Table 12. Some of these failures were also represented in bar chart. This method relates reliability theory with the experience gained from statistics and practical knowledge of components failures and maintenance. The findings from this work revealed that fuses had the highest failure followed by transformers and the least was surge arresters and it was also discovered that the outages time was reduced during the December period. This approach can be applied to rural and urban distribution systems. This submission made reliability theory a powerful tool to assist distribution Engineers in solving difficult and complicated problems.
Highlights
Power systems are made up of three stages which are generation, transmission and distribution
The problem in power sector is pronounced in the sense that it will affect both the common man and the rich and it required in every sector of the economy [1]
Power outages data recorded in the utility outage logbook were collected from the substation, the system here in Nigeria generally is too poor and lack intelligent devices that can alert or inform the distribution company whenever there is failure of any of the components or any form of interruption to the delivery of electricity to the customer
Summary
Power systems are made up of three stages which are generation, transmission and distribution. In most distribution substation in Nigeria, overhead lines feed the substation and it delivers electricity to customers. Poles are structural elements needed to implement overhead distribution designs. They are conspicuous and can be tampered with by vehicular accident or wind. The safety of electrical wires on poles is the major reliability concern When wind blows, it affects both the pole itself and the conductors. Fuses are most used in power distribution networks are the fuses This is due to its low cost when compared to other protection devices and its satisfactory operation for one of the major problems of the distribution networks that refer to the over current from short circuits by contact of the cables between each other, the vegetation or to the ground, and among others. The data collected from the selected substation is used to estimate the reliability of the components in the substation, the overall reliability of the substation and the customer reliability indices of the system
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