Abstract
The purpose of this work is to support the transit-oriented development (TOD) in Thailand. The main research objective is to explore the relationship between ridership demand and TOD indicators, which is expected to be the first question that a developer in Thailand must be able to answer in order to direct their development plan in the right direction. Using existing Bangkok metro stations as a case study, 22 variables categorized into three groups (density, diversity, and design) were collected for an 800-m buffer area around the stations. Results of the correlation analysis between transit ridership and other variables show a significant relation with the volume of transit ridership. Bus services have a stronger influence on transit ridership than railway stations and ferries (pier). Also, the interchange stations and park-and-ride buildings are found to be the main variables that correlate directly with the transit ridership numbers. Results from the principal component analysis are used to evaluate factors of TOD characteristics for the existing Bangkok metro stations, categorized into seven factor groups.
Highlights
In recent decades, Asia–Pacific has taken the lead as the fastest-growing global region in terms of both its economy and population
In parallel with the economic growth, many cities in Asia have focused their investment in public transport infrastructure on relieving traffic congestion problems [2], and one of these cities is Bangkok
The relationship between ridership demand and transit-oriented development (TOD) indicators is explored in this study
Summary
Asia–Pacific has taken the lead as the fastest-growing global region in terms of both its economy and population. In parallel with the economic growth, many cities in Asia have focused their investment in public transport infrastructure on relieving traffic congestion problems [2], and one of these cities is Bangkok. Awakening from the recession in railway development in Thailand, building up and expanding networks of mass transit systems and public transport services is one of the working strategies of the Ministry of Transport (MoT). Even though developments are progressing well as planned, further development of both infrastructure and transport services is needed for passengers continuously traveling from the trunk service lines to their destinations. In addition to operational improvements, the implementation of a transit-oriented development (TOD) strategy, which concentrates on area (infrastructure) design and development, is a means of enhancing ridership. As its concepts are related to infrastructure and land development, TOD is becoming a vital issue in improving public infrastructure in
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