Evaluation of Relationship of Existence of Cardiovascular Disease and Incidence of Mortality and Renal Replacement Therapy in Corona-Positive Patients Admitted in ICU

Abstract

Background: The coronavirus pandemic in 2020 was one of the biggest issues in the world, causing catastrophic respiratory, multi-organ problems and deaths. These effects are caused by both the virus itself and the drugs used to treat patients. Mortality rates were higher among those with underlying diseases. Patients with a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and those with a high risk of myocardial involvement by COVID-19 are particularly vulnerable to mortality. Clinicians and policymakers should consider these findings when developing risk stratification models. According to these studies, coronary artery disease (CAD) may increase mortality and the need for renal replacement therapy, primarily because of comorbidities rather than a direct effect of the disease itself. Objectives: To determine if all risk factors affected mortality, this study examined all risk factors. Methods: In the present study, patients with a positive history of CVD, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypothyroidism, chronic kidney disease and chest computed tomography (CT) scan compatible with coronavirus, who were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) and underwent mechanical support, were included. Results: The study included 150 patients who were randomly selected. A total of 43% females and 57% males made up the study population, with a mean age of 65.3 ± 13.5. Creatinine levels in the mortality group were 1.60 mg/dL, while in the non-mortality group, they were 1.19 mg/dL. Hypertension was the most common risk factor among patients (60.9%). The mortality rate was 10.6% (16 out of 150 patients). There was a significant association between acute kidney injury during admission (P value = 0.005) and past use of corticosteroids (P value = 0.016), while the need for dialysis (P value = 0.052) was not significant. Conclusions: There was a significant difference in creatinine mean between the groups with and without mortality (P = 0.044) between the two groups. Mortality was not significantly affected by other factors. In addition, our study indicated that CAD, as well as other cardiac diseases and risk factors, can lead to higher mortality rates and the need for renal replacement therapy, which is largely due to the burden of comorbidities, rather than their direct effect.