Evaluation of relationship between preoperative bone density values derived from cone beam computed tomography and implant stability parameters: a clinical study

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of bone density value derived from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) by evaluating its correlation with implant stability parameters including insertion torque value (ITV) and radiofrequency analysis in relation to different clinical variables including location, gender, age, bone quality, and implant diameter. A total of 65 implants were placed in 17 patients. The bone densities of implant recipient sites were preoperatively recorded using CBCT. Bone quality was subjectively assessed, which depends on the stiffness of the jawbone according to the Lekholm and Zarb index during drilling procedure. The maximum ITV of each implant was recorded using a digital torque meter during implant placement. Resonance frequency measurements were taken using an Osstell Mentor immediately after implant placement. Data were analyzed statistically. The mean bone density, insertion torque, and implant stability quotient values of all implants were 556 ± 80, 37.4 ± 3.3 Ncm, and 73.8 ± 7.2, respectively. Statistically significant correlations were found between bone density values from CBCT and implant stability parameters in relation to all variables. Bone density assessment using CBCT is an efficient method and significantly correlated with implant stability parameters and Lekholm and Zarb index. Thus, it is possible to predict initial implant stability and possibility of immediate or early loading using CBCT scans prior to implant placement.