Evaluation of Rational Drug Use for Acute Pharyngitis Associated with the Incidence and Prevalence of the Disease at Two Community Health Centers in Indonesia.

Cindra T Yuniar,Alfi N Islamiyah,Kusnandar Anggadiredja

doi:10.3390/scipharm85020022

Cindra T Yuniar, Alfi N Islamiyah + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm85020022

Copy DOI

Journal: Scientia pharmaceutica	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2017
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Bandung Institute of Technology

Abstract

According to Indonesia’s Result of Basic Health Research of 2013, prevalence of acute respiratory infection in 2007 and 2013 were not significantly different (25.5% and 25.0%, respectively). Identifying the cause of acute pharyngitis is a key point in determining the optimal treatment. The main purpose is to evaluate the rational use of drugs and its irrational impact as well as the correlation of the drug use with the incidence and prevalence of acute pharyngitis. This study was a descriptive and observational study, carried out retrospectively and concurrently at two community health centers located in Bandung and Cimahi, Indonesia. There was overprescription of antibiotics in 80.01% of prescription cases, with a total of 8.98% being non-treatment option, and 62.43% being irrational use of corticosteroids. The incidence and prevalence of acute pharyngitis at one health center in Bandung were 2.45% and 2.31%, respectively, with an irrationality rate of 83.82%. Those recorded at one health center in Cimahi were 2.11% incidence and 2.00% prevalence with an irrational rate of 91.29%. It can be concluded that there is still an irrational use of medicines in the treatment of acute pharyngitis in community health centers. The higher incidence and prevalence might indicate the declining quality of health services.

Highlights

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are one of the most common diseases, accounting for one of the main causes of patient visits to community health centers (40–60%) and hospitals (15–30%)
The total number of patients diagnosed with acute pharyngitis in a community health center in Bandung and Cimahi were 1083 and 995 patients, respectively
The diagnosis of the etiology of acute pharyngitis depends on the results of laboratory tests such as rapid antigen detection test (RADT) or throat culture, a scoring system based on the clinical manifestations has been developed to predict the risk of infection of S. pyogenes in acute pharyngitis patients [13]

Summary

Introduction

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are one of the most common diseases, accounting for one of the main causes of patient visits to community health centers (40–60%) and hospitals (15–30%). There are 156 million new episodes per year globally, of which 151 million (96.7%) occur in developing countries. Indonesia is one of the top five countries with the highest ARI cases with as many as 6 million episodes per year [1]. Acute pharyngitis, which is part of ARI, accounts for an estimated 2–5% of patient visits to health facilities [3,4,5]. In 2004, acute pharyngitis was one of the top ten diseases in outpatient visits in Indonesia, (1.5% or 214,781 patients)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion