Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is considered one of the highly contagious viral infections affecting livestock. In Korea, an FMD vaccination policy has been implemented nationwide since 2010 for the prevention and control of FMD. Since the vaccines are imported from various countries, standardized quality control measures are critical. In this study, we aimed to validate a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) device in the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency lab and identify an appropriate FMD vaccine pretreatment method for HPLC—a simple, reliable, and practical method to measure antigen content. Based on the analyses of specificity, linearity, accuracy, repeatability, intermediate precision, limits of detection, and limits of quantification using FMD standard samples, we validated the method using a standard material. Overall, we confirmed that the HPLC technique is effective for the quantitative assessment of the FMD virus 146S antigen in Korea. Using commercial FMD vaccines, we evaluated three separation methods and identified the method using n-pentanol and trichloroethylene as optimal for HPLC analysis. Our HPLC method was effective for the analytical detection of the antigen content in FMD vaccine, and it may be useful as a reference method for national lot-release testing.
Highlights
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, including pigs, goats, cattle, buffalo, and sheep
Mortality is normally low in adult animals, FMD outbreaks result in significant economic losses due to production loss and the subsequent restrictions on the global trade of live animals and their products [2]
The results revealed that the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique is applicable to samples in South Korea and can be used to quantify the FMDV 146S antigen content
Summary
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, including pigs, goats, cattle, buffalo, and sheep. It is initially characterized by high fever that rapidly declines after 2–3 days, followed by vesicles in the feet and oral mucosa [1]. Mortality is normally low in adult animals, FMD outbreaks result in significant economic losses due to production loss and the subsequent restrictions on the global trade of live animals and their products [2]. The FMD virus is in the genus Aphthovirus belonging to the family Picornaviridae. Its genome is a single stranded, positive-sense RNA molecule of 8.5 kb with a single open reading frame. There are seven known serotypes with distinct immunological properties, namely, O, Asia 1, C, A, South African
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