Evaluation of Protective Efficacy of Influenza Virus Like Particles Prepared from H5N1 Virus of Clade 2.2.1.2 in Chickens.

Mohamed H. El-Husseiny,Naglaa M. Hagag,Peter Pushko,Mahmoud M. Naguib,Irina Tretyakova,Abdel Satar Arafa

doi:10.3390/vaccines9070715

Mohamed H. El-Husseiny, Naglaa M. Hagag + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070715

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Abstract

Highly pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) viruses continue to cause severe economic losses in poultry species worldwide. HPAI virus of subtype H5N1 was reported in Egypt in 2006, and despite vaccination efforts, the virus has become endemic. The current study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a virus-like particle (VLP) based vaccine in vivo using specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. The vaccine was prepared from the HPAI H5N1 virus of clade 2.2.1.2 using the baculovirus expression system. The VLPs were quantitated and characterized, including electron microscopy. In addition, the protection level of the VLPs was evaluated by using two different regimens, including one dose and two-dose vaccinated groups, which gave up to 70% and 100% protection level, respectively. The results of this study emphasize the potential usefulness of the VLPs-based vaccine as an alternative vaccine candidate for the control of AIV infection in poultry.

Highlights

In early 2006, the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the H5N1 subtype was reported in Egypt and spread very rapidly within all sectors in the country, causing several outbreaks in different poultry species [1]
virus-like particle (VLP) were based on a recombinant Baculovirus expressing system using the HPAI H5N1 virus (A/chicken/Egypt/121/2012) [15]
The second group was subjected to the VLPs vaccine via the same route with only one dose adjusted to 29 HA units at 4 weeks (28 days old)

Summary

Introduction

In early 2006, the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the H5N1 subtype was reported in Egypt and spread very rapidly within all sectors in the country, causing several outbreaks in different poultry species [1]. Promising trials were reported for the HPAI H5N1 subtype VLPs-based vaccines based on multiple clades of H5N1 (clade 1; clade 2.2.1.1, and clade 2.3.2.1) and treated with beta-propiolactone in a ferret model [12]. Another trial was performed in BALB/c mice using HPAI H5N1 VLPs in a single dose regimen [13]. HPAI H5N1 VLPS were tested in chicken experiments and formulated with a commercial adjuvant SEPPIC, Montanide 70/30, using a double dose [14] None of those previous studies investigated viruses of clade 2.2.1.2

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