Evaluation of proliferative activity of pre-tumor and tumor processes of Barrett's esophagus using AGNOR technology

Abstract

Esophageal carcinoma is the eighth most common malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Adenocarcinomas account for the majority of esophageal carcinomas in the US. The incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas is decreasing every year, while the number of adenocarcinomas has not changed over the last three to four decades. It has been established that there is a strong correlation between proliferative activity and a poor tumor prognosis, so the interest in clinical trials of proliferative potential on various markers is still relevant and increasing every year. Within the framework of our research, a cohort retrograde study was carried out, for which the archival material of the teaching-scientific and diagnostic laboratory of Tbilisi State Medical University for the years 2019-2022 was used. Proliferative activity was determined by AgNOR technology in 35 cases evaluated in the following histological entity: Barrett's esophagus with enteric metaplasia; Barrett's esophagus with foveolar metaplasia; Barrett's esophagus with low-grade dysplasia of the epithelium; Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia of the epithelium; Based on the results of our study, AgNOR technology can be used to evaluate proliferative activity in Barrett's esophagus.