Evaluation of prognostic and etiological factors in patients with acute pancreatitis

Abstract

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory disease of the pancreas that varies from a mild and self-limiting disease to a fulminant disease with significant morbidity and mortality. The study aims to examine the clinical and etiological factors determining acute pancreatitis's severity and prognosis. A total of 709 patients with acute pancreatitis were analyzed retrospectively. The study evaluated the association between disease severity, etiological factors, demographic characteristics, hospitalization length, and prognosis. The clinical features of the patients were determined based on the severity of AP (mild, moderate, and severe) and mortality rates. 290 (40.9%) male and 419 (59.1%) female patients were included in the study, and the mean age was 62.5±18.6. The most common cause was biliary pancreatitis (44.6%). Of the patients, 520 (80.2%) were mild, 130 (18.4%) were moderate, and 59 (8.3%) were severe pancreatitis. The mortality rate was (%4,5). In addition, mortality was higher in the severe pancreatitis group. No significant difference was observed in demographic variables. There was a significant correlation between the increase in the score in Atlanta and SIRS grading and mortality. The complexity of acute pancreatitis persists, exhibiting a spectrum of severity. A moderately dependable prognosis can be derived within a few days of onset by embracing multiparametric criteria and morphological assessment. However, this current approach may provide insight into designing a comprehensive and timely therapeutic strategy.