Evaluation Of Primary Stability In Mono- And Bicortical Anchored Implants. A Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

Objective: To analyze by means of a 3D finite element model the effect of anchoring dental implants in one or two cortical. Materials and Methods: An in vitro experimental investigation was performed using Finite Elements Analysis. Six conical implants of three different designs and different lengths were designed and placed in a 3D model of the anterior maxilla with type III bone, anchoring a first group of implants only in the occlusal cortical of the bone, while in a second group the apex of the implants was anchored in the cortex of the nasal passages too, so they become monocortical or bicortical anchored. Micromovements of the implants in the bone were generated by simulating a 60-degree inclined force applied at the abutment level with 170 Ncm and 700 Ncm. Amount of micromovements were measured. Results: Micromovements obtained when the implants were monocortical anchorage and subjected to forces of 170 Ncm, were similar for all the implants (average 27.4um). Whereas with forces of 700 Ncm, the micro-movements increased in all cases. (average 113.49 µm.) Micromovements decreased in all implants when bicortical anchorage was used, both when applying 170Ncm forces (average 8.58 µm) or applying 700Ncm forces (average 34.71µm). In relation to length, short implants showed less micromotion. Conclusion: According to the results obtained, bicortical anchoring reduces the micromotion of conical implants especially when they are subjected to parafunctional forces and in implants of greater length, ensuring levels of micromotion more compatible with osseointegration, at least in a three-dimensional simulation through FEA.